Cost Of Living in Nairobi 2024

Average monthly spending for singles, couples, students, and families in Nairobi

Whether you're living in Nairobi or planning to move there, it is very important to know the cost of living and the prices of things. Here we list the average spending for the four main population groups.

Singles

The average monthly expense for a single person living in Nairobi is 110,000 KES. Expenses can range from 38,000 KES at the minimum level to 750,000 KES at the highest end.

Couples

The average monthly spending of couples in Nairobi is 190,000 KES. Expenditure can range from 63,000 KES to 1M KES per month.

Families

The average cost of living for families in Nairobi is 250,000 KES per month. Families spend anywhere from 88,000 KES to 1.4M KES.

Students

The average monthly expenditure for students in Nairobi is 75,000 KES. Students spend from 30,000 KES to 140,000 KES per month.

Expenditure to Income Ratio in Nairobi

One of the most definite ways to determine how affordable a place is measuring the ratio of expenses to salary. A high expense-to-income to ratio indicates a high cost-of-living index while a low expenditure-to-salary ratio means the place is affordable to live in.

Expense to income distribution levels

Interpretation and Analysis

The average spending-to-salary ratio in Nairobi is 95% This means that on average, people spend around 95% of their income for living. According to the distribution table, 16% of the population spend approximately 60% to 70% of their income every month.

Individual
86%
Spending-Income-Ratio

---

78%

95%

Couple
91%
Spending-Income-Ratio

---

82%

100%

Family
100%
Spending-Income-Ratio

---

91%

110%

How do people spend their money in Nairobi?

We asked thousands of people about their spending habits and expenditure breaks. Below are their answers.

People living in Nairobi typically spend from 14% to 33% of their total monthly expenditure on housing with 25% being the average. The average spend on housing is 49,000 KES with expenditure ranging from 3,800 KES to 490,000 KES. This cost mainly goes for rent but it also includes other accommodation-related expenses. Housing costs are highest for families and lowest for students as expected.

Utility expenditure like electricity, water, and gas in Nairobi ranges from 4% to 11% of total expenses with 7% being the average. The average monthly cost of utilities is 8,100 KES with 630 KES and 81,000 KES being the upper and lower limits.

Fuel consumption and cost of transport depend heavily on whether you live near your work or school, but roughly speaking you would expect to spend from 1,300 KES to 160,000 KES on commuting with 16,000 KES being the norm for most people in one month. This means that money spent on transport constitutes about 7% of total spending on average but can go as low as 3% or as high as 11%.

The average outlay on groceries in a month in Nairobi is 41,000 KES. The cost of groceries can range between 3,100 KES to 410,000 KES. People spend on average about 28% on food and groceries with upper and lower bounds of 20% and 34% respectively.

People in Nairobi allocate 5% to 13% of their total monthly expenditure to healthcare including health insurance and out-of-pocket medical expenses. The average spending is around 10%. The range of medical expenses range from 880 KES to 110,000 KES with 11,000 KES being the norm.

This category mostly contains discretionary or non-essential expenses but also some non-discretionary spending like furniture for example. The monthly expenses range from 500 KES to 65,000 KES with 6,500 KES being the average. Speaking of percentages, that equates to 2% to 9% of total expenses with an average of 5% for most residents.

Spending on education can vary drastically between different people. While working singles can spend 0% on education, families and students' expenditure can reach up to 22%. On average, education constitutes 5% of the monthly expenditure with 3% and 11% being the lower and upper bounds respectively. The average reported education cost is 9,800 KES per month with 750 KES being the minimum spent amount and 98,000 KES being the maximum.

How much money can you save in Nairobi every month?

We asked thousands of people what percentage of their income can they save in a month. Below are the answers.

What percentage of people in Nairobi manage to save money from their income every month?

Almost 69% of the surveyed people in Nairobi said that they can save some money at the end of each month while 31% said that aren't saving anything.

Percentage of people saving money by population group in Nairobi

Saving to Income Ratio

Average Monthly Saved Amount

For most people, 14% to 36% of their monthly income is what they can allocate to their savings, with 23% being the average. The amount of money that people can save is approximately 55,000 KES on average with savings ranging from 4,200 KES to 550,000 KES.

72% of surveyed singles reported some of their income going to savings while 66% of couples said the same. 60% of families confirmed their ability to save money.

How much money do people actually save in Nairobi?

Singles

Saving to Income Ratio

Average Monthly Saved Amount

Savings to income distribution levels for singles

Interpretation and Analysis

Singles who can afford to save reported that they allocate from 17% to 39% of their monthly income to savings, with 27% being the average for most singles. The average amount of money that singles are able to save is 38,000 KES with 13,000 KES and 250,000 KES being the minimum and maximum respectively.

Couples

Saving to Income Ratio

Average Monthly Saved Amount

Savings to income distribution levels for couples

Interpretation and Analysis

Couples who confirmed their ability to save reported saving equivalent to 15% to 38% of their monthly income, with 25% being the average for most couples. The average amount of money that couples can save is 63,000 KES with 21,000 KES and 340,000 KES being the minimum and maximum respectively.

Families

Saving to Income Ratio

Average Monthly Saved Amount

Savings to income distribution levels for families

Interpretation and Analysis

Families in Nairobi can save anywhere between 13% to 33% of their monthly income, with 20% being the average for most families. The average amount of money that families can put aside is 84,000 KES with 30,000 KES and 460,000 KES being the minimum and maximum respectively.

A typical and healthy budgeting structure

The 50/30/20 rule

Spending among different people can vary significantly based on factors such as their income, lifestyle, location, and personal preferences. A commonly used guideline for budgeting is the 50/30/20 rule, which suggests allocating your income into three main categories in the following percentages.

• 50% for needs and financial obligations

  This category includes essential expenses like housing, utilities, groceries, transportation, and healthcare.

• 30% for wants and discretionary spending

  This category covers discretionary spending on non-essential items, such as dining out, entertainment, travel, and other lifestyle choices.

• 20% for savings and emergency fund

  This is the percentage that must be allocated to savings, emergency funds, and retirement accounts.

About financial planning, money management, and household budgeting

Affordable living in Nairobi

Income and cost of living compatibility

We asked residents one simple question and recorded their answers.

Is it affordable or economical to live in Nairobi?

Around 68% of surveyed residents think that living in Nairobi is affordable with proper budgeting while 32% reported that it is just too expensive and not affordable even with frugality and thriftness.

Low-cost alternatives in Nairobi

People are always looking for ways to cut down expenses and reduce expenditures. The hallmark of any affordable place is the availability of discount stores, bargain deals, smart or secondhand shopping, refurbished items, and couponing. We asked residents how easily cost-cutting is and the answers were distributed as follows:

Plenty of low-cost options66%

Few low-cost options34%

Based on the survey, 66% of the people living in Nairobi have no problem finding low-cost alternatives to support a frugal lifestyle while 34% think that thriftness is difficult due to scarcity in discount markets and secondhand outlets.

Emergency Funds

An emergency fund is a financial safety net comprised of easily accessible savings set aside to cover unexpected expenses or financial emergencies, typically amounting to three to six months' worth of living expenses. We asked residents of Nairobi whether they have an emergency fund and the answers were as follows.

Yes67%

No33%

Based on the survey, 33% of the people living in Nairobi said that they don't have an emergency fund while 67% said that they do.

Financial Literacy in Kenya

Financial literacy is the knowledge of concepts and principles related to personal finance that allow individuals to make informed decisions regarding their money such as budgeting, saving, investing, borrowing, managing debt, financial risk management, and planning.

Financial Leteracy55%

We asked residents of Kenya whether they acquired any adequate personal financial training in their lives. Approximately 45% of the people who participated in the survey said that they are not well informed about the topics of budgeting, saving, etc., and just manage things based on their own experience, while 55% said that they know about the general principles of personal finance from sources other than their own experience.

Difficulty in Budgeting and Financial Planning

We wanted to understand whether residents of Kenya have problems or difficulties in managing their expenditures and savings so asked the people one simple question: do you struggle with your personal finances? 38% of the participants reported that they indeed struggle in creating budgets and in organizing their finances while 62% said that they have everything under control.

Struggles with finance38%

Easily manages finances62%

Financial goals of people in Nairobi

In an attempt to understand the economic situation in Nairobi, we asked participants about their financial targets. By knowing what the population in general is trying to achieve, we can shed light on the economic outlook, cost of living, and quality of life in general.

Around 8% of those who participated in the survey said that their main goal is to establish an emergency fund to cover unexpected expenses while 38% said their number one priority is to pay off high-interest debt or loans and improve credit. 9% of surveyed people confirmed that saving for retirement to ensure a comfortable lifestyle in the final years is their main target. Around 7% reported that their priority is saving for the tuition fees and education costs of their children while 18% choose to buy a home or pay off existing mortgage before other things. 7% of the population would like to build wealth through investments such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, or real estate. For 8% of people, saving for vacations or upgrading their lifestyle is the number one concern. Approximately 12% of the residents said that saving for healthcare expenses including insurance premiums is their main goal.

Saving Challenges in Nairobi

Reasons that make it difficult for people to save money

We wanted to understand what is stopping people from maximizing their savings in Nairobi. Listed below are the answers given by the survey participants.

Around 5% of the people said that their salary is too low to accommodate a portion for savings while 8% said that the high cost of living leaves little room for savings. 15% of the residents said that they are burdened with debt and find it challenging to save money. 11% reported that they just don't have the knowledge or discipline to create and stick to a budget, leading to overspending and an inability to save. 11% blamed impulsive spending as the reason for saving inability. Around 7% said that unexpected expenses like medical bills or car repairs are derailing their savings goals. 6% bluntly said that they don't see the purpose of it and prefer to live each day to the fullest. 19% reported that they understand the value of saving but are putting off saving for the future, thinking they have plenty of time to start later. 12% blamed inflation, saying that every time they save some money they end up using it immediately. A surprising 3% said that social pressure and keeping up with peers or societal expectations makes them overspend. Lastly, 2% blamed market instability and price fluctuations.

Typical saving choices for people in Nairobi

Where do people choose to put their savings?

Retirement, pension plans, and life after work in Nairobi

What does the retirement lifestyle look like in Nairobi and how much retirement savings are required?

Retirement age

The retirement age for most employees in Kenya is 65 years. Specific retirement ages can vary based on factors like occupation, gender, years of contribution, and location. It is not entirely unlikely for people to retire either before or after this age.

Retirement planning and savings

There are many retirement saving options, some are personally initiated and others are government-sponsered. Regardless of the source of savings, the minimum amount of money that needs to be put aside to ensure a peaceful and comfortable retirement at each age can be found in the table below. This data is largely approximated and can vary drastically based on individual needs and situations. Treat these figures as a general guideline.

Retirement Income Distribution

We asked residents of Nairobi about their retirement income sources and below are the results.

Retirement Monthly Expenses in Nairobi

Debt, loans, and mortgages in Nairobi

Percentage of people who are in debt

According to the survey, 31% of the people in Nairobi have some kind of debt, loan, mortgage, or credit card payments while 69% reported that they don't have financial obligations to banks.

Debt-to-income ratio in Nairobi

Interpretation

The debt-to-income ratio measures the percentage of income being paid as debt settlement across the population. It is calculated by dividing the monthly debt settlement payment of an individual by their monthly income. Based on collected data, approximately 33% of the people's monthly income in Nairobi goes to debt settlement.

Debt levels

Monthly debt settlement payment as percentage of monthly income

According to our data, 3% of the debtors in Nairobi pay 60%+ of their income as debt settlement while 15% of the people pay 50% to 60% of their income for the same, which is quite an alarming financial situation for those individuals. 13% of people in debt dedicate 40% to 50% of their income to loan and mortgage payments while 15% dedicated 30% to 40% of income for same. Things are looking brighter for 12% of individuals as they only pay 20% to 30% of their income for loan and credit card repayment.

Distribution by type of debt in Nairobi

10% of debtors in Nairobi confirm that real estate mortgages constitutes the main part of their outstanding debt while 28% say that credit card payments are the reason they are in debt. Auto loans were the main type of debt for 18% of people and personal loans rose at 40%. Lastly, student loans are the main source of debt for 4% of debtors in Nairobi.

Good debt vs. Bad debt

Not all debt is bad. Good debt typically refers to borrowing money for investments that can increase in value or generate income over time like purchasing a home or acquiring student loans. On the other hand, bad debt involves borrowing for things that fail to generate lasting value like high-interest credit card debt used for non-essential expenses like luxury items or vacations.

Loan Affordability Index in Nairobi

Besides measuring the loan-to-income ratio, we asked residents of Nairobi how many times in a year they defaulted or were unable to pay their due credit card or loan payments on time. Understanding how often people default on their due payments is one of the indicators of the cost of living and economic situation.

Frequency and percentage of people who failed to pay their monthly credit card or loan payments on time last year.

Housing costs, accommodation, and housing affordability in Nairobi

Rent Cost in Nairobi

Monthly Rent Prices

Studio apartment

14,000 KES

21,000 KES

56,000 KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$98

$150

$390

1-bedroom apartment

21,000 KES

33,000 KES

84,000 KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$150

$230

$590

2-bedroom apartment

28,000 KES

42,000 KES

110,000 KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$200

$290

$780

3-bedroom apartment

33,000 KES

56,000 KES

150,000 KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$230

$390

$1,100

Furnished apartment

67,000 KES

170,000 KES

330,000 KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$470

$1,200

$2,300

Townhouse

56,000 KES

84,000 KES

240,000 KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$390

$590

$1,700

House

67,000 KES

170,000 KES

330,000 KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$470

$1,200

$2,300

Villa

84,000 KES

210,000 KES

330,000 KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$590

$1,500

$2,300

The monthly rental cost of a studio apartment in Nairobi ranges between 14,000 KES and 56,000 KES, meanwhile the cost of monthly rental of a one-bedroom apartment can be anywhere from 21,000 KES to 84,000 KES. Two-bedroom rentals rate ranges between 28,000 KES and 110,000 KES per month. The monthly rental for a three-bedroom apartment ranges from 33,000 KES to 150,000 KES. The average rent of a townhouse in Nairobi is around 84,000 KES while house rental costs can be as high as 170,000 KES per month. Finally, if you want to rent a villa, expect to pay anywhere from 84,000 KES to 330,000 KES per month.

Apartment and house prices in Nairobi

Cost of buying a property

Studio apartment

2.8M KES

4.2M KES

8.4M KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$20,000

$29,000

$59,000

1-bedroom apartment

3.3M KES

5.6M KES

21M KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$23,000

$39,000

$150,000

2-bedroom apartment

5.6M KES

17M KES

33M KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$39,000

$120,000

$230,000

3-bedroom apartment

19M KES

28M KES

84M KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$130,000

$200,000

$590,000

Townhouse

24M KES

56M KES

210M KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$170,000

$390,000

$1.5M

House

28M KES

170M KES

240M KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$200,000

$1.2M

$1.7M

Villa

33M KES

190M KES

280M KES

MINIMUM

AVERAGE

MAXIMUM

$230,000

$1.3M

$2M

The average price of a studio apartment in Nairobi can range from 2.8M KES to 8.4M KES depending on location. One bedroom cost can be anywhere from 3.3M KES to 21M KES. A villa can cost you 190M KES on average with prices ranging from 33M KES to 280M KES.

House / apartment prices to income ratio

Property prices in Nairobi can be x126 to x234 multiples of the monthly income depending on the property and the income of the person. On average, property prices are approximately x126 multiples of the average monthly salary in Nairobi.

Rent to income ratio

The average rent-to-income ratio in Nairobi is around 35%. This means that people pay 35% of their income for rent. Those figures can range from 24% to 47% depending on the salary, location, and type of property.

Housing affordability index

The housing affordability index measures how affordable accommodation is in a particular place. This can measured in multiple ways, the most common being housing expenditure to total expenditure ratio and the rent to income ratio. The housing expenditure ratio is a figure reported by individuals on the percentage they allocate for housing. Rent to income ratio is calculated by dividing the average monthly rent by the average income. Because these values are both percentages, we can find their average and get the best of the two worlds.

Property Taxes

Real estate owners pay property taxes to local tax authorities, which are determined by the assessed value of their property. Typically, these taxes are paid once a year. Property tax funds contribute to community development, financing infrastructure improvements, public services, and local education initiatives.

Home Maintenance Costs

Home maintenance costs encompass various expenses associated with the upkeep and repair of a residence. These expenditures include regular tasks such as lawn care, pest control, and HVAC system servicing, as well as occasional repairs and renovations like fixing leaks, painting, or replacing appliances.

Urban vs. rural living costs

Urban living typically entails higher housing and transportation costs due to demand and limited space, while rural areas generally offer lower housing expenses but may have higher prices for goods and services. The differnce in rental rates between urban areas and rural areas can be as high as 300% in some cases.

SingleSpending habits, consumption analysis, and expenditure patterns for a single person living in Nairobi

CoupleAverage monthly living expenditure breaks and spending patterns for couples in Nairobi

FamilyAverage monthly expenses and break out of spending for families living in Nairobi

StudentCost of living and expenses break down for students living in Nairobi